Show the working.

Government

• HM Government (DBT)

  The UK's Modern Industrial Strategy

  Used for: Government alignment, sector framing, mission selection criteria

  Published 2025-06-23 · Accessed 2026-08-15

  https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/the-uks-modern-industrial-strategy

• HM Government (DBT)

  Industrial Strategy sector plans

  Used for: Mapping missions to existing sector policy

  Published 2025-06-23 · Accessed 2026-08-15

  https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/industrial-strategy-sector-plans

• DSIT

  AI Opportunities Action Plan

  Used for: AI Growth Zones, compute infrastructure, AI mission context

  Published 2025-01-13 · Accessed 2026-08-15

  https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/ai-opportunities-action-plan

• MHCLG

  Investment Zones

  Used for: Existing place-based policy; duplication risk assessment

  Published 2024-11-18 · Accessed 2026-08-15

  https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/investment-zones

• MHCLG / HM Treasury

  Freeports programme

  Used for: Existing place-based policy, port and clean energy infrastructure

  Published 2023-03-15 · Accessed 2026-08-15

  https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/freeports

Research

• UK Research and Innovation

  UKRI strategy and funding programmes

  Used for: Research capability, funded programmes, existing coordination mechanisms

  Published 2022-03-17 · Accessed 2026-08-15

  https://www.ukri.org/

• Intellectual Property Office

  IPO facts and figures

  Used for: Patent activity and IP commercialisation context

  Published 2024-09-01 · Accessed 2026-08-15

  https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/intellectual-property-office

Universities

• Research Excellence Framework

  REF 2021 results and analysis

  Used for: Research quality distribution across UK institutions

  Published 2022-05-12 · Accessed 2026-08-15

  https://results2021.ref.ac.uk/

• HM Treasury / DSIT

  Independent review of university spin-out companies

  Used for: Commercialisation constraints; research-to-company translation

  Published 2023-11-20 · Accessed 2026-08-15

  https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/independent-review-of-university-spin-out-companies

Economic data

• Office for National Statistics

  Business enterprise research and development, UK

  Used for: R&D expenditure by sector and region

  Published 2025-03-01 · Accessed 2026-08-15

  https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/governmentpublicsectorandtaxes/researchanddevelopmentexpenditure

• Office for National Statistics

  Regional and subregional productivity in the UK

  Used for: Productivity distribution; outcome measurement baseline

  Published 2025-04-01 · Accessed 2026-08-15

  https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/labourproductivity

Capital

• British Business Bank

  Small Business Equity Tracker

  Used for: Equity finance availability, stage gaps, regional distribution of capital

  Published 2025-06-01 · Accessed 2026-08-15

  https://www.british-business-bank.co.uk/research

• British Business Bank

  Regions and Nations Tracker

  Used for: Geographic distribution of equity investment

  Published 2024-11-01 · Accessed 2026-08-15

  https://www.british-business-bank.co.uk/research

Infrastructure

• Catapult Network

  The Catapult Network

  Used for: Existing translational infrastructure; additionality testing

  Published 2024-01-01 · Accessed 2026-08-15

  https://catapult.org.uk/

• National Energy System Operator

  Connections reform and the transmission connections queue

  Used for: Grid connection constraints relevant to energy and manufacturing missions

  Published 2025-04-01 · Accessed 2026-08-15

  https://www.neso.energy/industry-information/connections

International benchmarks

• OECD

  Regional innovation and cluster policy evidence

  Used for: International evidence on cluster policy effectiveness and displacement

  Published 2024-01-01 · Accessed 2026-08-15

  https://www.oecd.org/en/topics/regional-development.html

• What Works Centre for Local Economic Growth

  Evidence reviews: enterprise zones, innovation and business advice

  Used for: Displacement, additionality and evaluation evidence for place-based policy

  Published 2023-01-01 · Accessed 2026-08-15

  https://whatworksgrowth.org/resources/

Industry

• Beauhurst

  UK high-growth company and equity investment research

  Used for: Company formation and scale-up context (secondary, supporting only)

  Published 2025-01-01 · Accessed 2026-08-15

  https://www.beauhurst.com/research/

Sourcing standard

• Official government publications, UKRI, ONS, the British Business Bank and the Intellectual Property Office are treated as primary evidence.
• Universities, official company and investor disclosures and peer-reviewed research are treated as primary evidence for their own activity.
• Trade press and commercial data providers may support context but are not used as the principal evidence for a material claim.
• Where no adequate source exists, the claim is labelled Requires further research rather than filled with persuasive prose.